Method or process of making artificial-stone or plaster columns.



A G HIGGINS Y METHOD ou PRocBss o? MAKING ARTIFICIAL STONE 0R PLAsTmz coLUhNs.

APPLIOATIOF FILED J'UXE 23, 1908.

Panama Jan.`11,1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

.l Il Illellillllllhuhliill tlllhu .A G. HIGGINS. l METHOD 0R 'PROCESS 0F MAKING ARTIPIGIAL STONE oa MASTER COLUMNS.

15 .nnen-23, 1908.

APPLIOATIOF TILE Patented Jan. 11, 1910.

'2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

fave/(far G'. 12T

@im W2C `EI'IGG'IIJ'S. 0F KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOB 0F 0NE-HALF T0 R.

HAVENS, OF KANSAS CITY, MISS-URI.

UNITED STAWENTOFFICE ALBERT G.

METHOD R PROCESS OF MAKING ARTIFICIAL-STONE OR'PLASTER, COLUMNS.

i Specification of Letters Patent.

Paten-ted- Jan. 11, 1910.

Application 'sied :une 23, isos. serial no. l439,902. Y

T o all whom 'it may concern:

Be it knowntliat I, ALBERT G. IIiGciiss, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kansas .ity, in the county of Jackson and State of i Iissouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Methods or Processes of Making Artificial-Stone or Plaster' Columns, of which the following is a specification.

This inventionrelates to artificial stone or plaster columns and the method of and Aa paijatns for making the same, and my o ject. is to produce strong and durable coluiiins` at less expense and more expeditiously than such columns can be made by employing the usual molds and depositing or pouring the plastic-` material therein.

. A further object is to produce cores capa- "e of beingv dianietricalljY enlarged or con- ,.'acted and upon which cylindrical or taperin columnsY may be niade, or col- .unmsnovvn asV swelled oolninns-wliicb curve in a longitudinal direction.

lVith these general objects in view and others as hereinafter appear. the invention consists in certain novel and peculiar features of construction lof the columns and of the apparatus for making them and in the method of a )plving the plastic material as hereinafter described and claimed; and

-`in order that the invention may be. fully -understood reference is to 'be had to the accompanying drawings. in which:-

Figure 1, is a central longitudinal section of a core enibodving niv invention; said figure also showing part of a lathe for revolving such core to facilitate the application thereto of a plastic compound and a certain reinforcement employed in the making of a column. Fig.l Q, is a view showing the core adjusted to tapering forni and also illustrates hon the column is made upon.

-' ess of construction, the column shown by Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view of a column of a strtmg'ertype than those hereinbefore 'referred to. Fig. 8, is

a top plan view of a column illustrated by Fig. when erected and completed.

`Referring'first to the core employed in the making of either type column, 1 indicates a series of sleeves 'or collars, preferably three in number and each formed at one end with a suitable number of radial bit'nrcated lugs 2 -in which are pivotally secured the inner ends of a corresponding series of radial links` 3, pivoted at their outer ends to a corresponding series of bars 4; 5 is a threaded rod-threaded as shown or for its full length-fitting slidinglv in the said collars. ard mounted on said rod at opposite sides of said collars are nuts provided with radial apertures toreceive a rod or lever (not shown) to effect adjustment of said nuts, for a purpose which hereinafter appeais.- 8 indicates a pair of clamp-plates provided l.with threaded passages 9 receiving said rod, and arranged at opposite ends of bars 4 and of greater diameter, by preference. than the core wliei expanded to its fullest extent, as shown in Fig. 1.

10 and 11 indicate parts of an ordinariY turning lathe to engage opposite ends of ro'l 5 to supportand revolve the core constituted by the parts 1 to '7 inclusive.

Then the links occnp \v the position slionn in Fig. 1. the core is diametricall)v expanded to its fullest extent and the bars 4 are relatively spaced their greatest distance apart, and to clamp the core iii such position, the plates S are turned b v a pipe-Wrench or otherwise until they engage the opposite ends of Barsa. lVhen it is desired to produce a tapering column corresponding substantially to that shown in Fig. Q, the operator inserts the rod or lever hereiiibefore mentioned. in a perforation of one of the nuts 6 of the middle set, and Aturns such-nut so as to move it a suitable distance from the adjacent. or middle collar 1, the other elements of the core except the other nuts, being incidentally turned on rod 5. this turning action, of' course. being performed before plates S are caused to clamp the ends of the bars. The' operator then inserts said rod or lever in the corres onding nut 6 of oneA of the end sets of suoli nuts, and repeats said former operation but turnsthe engaged mit and core a greater number of times than before in order to dispose said nut a greater distance 6 was moved from its adjacent collar l. The

vwise toward the plate S which was withdrawn therefrom, the result of this action causing .the links to swing in the same direction and contract the core, the middle links and the links at the end nearest the withdrawn plate, swinging inward a greater disopposite direction on rod 5 until they are the bars 1. The core is then removed from Y thc lathe and slid out of the column. tance because their collarsl 1 slide in the;

arrested by their respecti\e nuts G which were adjusted upon rod As :1 result of the manipulation described the core is caused to assunte a tapering forni as .shown in Fig. Y

r1 V l o produce a column for nippel-ting coinparati-relY light loads, a wrapper l2 of "building paper or its equivalent is secured around the tore as shown in Fig. 2, t0 bridge and close the interstices 0r spaces between the bars of the core. The lathe is then operated to revolve the rod andcore, and the operator with a trowel or other suitable tool, applies plastic material to the paper,

working the tool from end to end so as to build up a coat 13, of the plastic material, of uni forni thickness. If desired, before the colt umn is fully built r, to the required thickness with such mitfriat, the operator may Areinforce it by means of a cord or wire il wound spirally upon the plastic material, as shown in Fig. 2 this operation being performed by attaching one end of the cord or wire to the colunin in any .suitable manner and then s artinv up the lathe and drawing f the freeeiid of tric cord or wire laterally so l"or making columns of greater strength than that described, the operations outlined are repeated up to and including the application ot' the lining to the core. The operator then .secures around the lining at .suitable distances apart. a number of bands 1i' having at suitable intervals U shaped portions 113 which open out\\'uidl.\'. Longitudinully arranged reinforce rods lJ are then i'ittcd in the U Shaped portions of the bands and wired thereto as shown at20. .t coat 21 ot plastic material is than applied upon the lining and by preference is built up-until it einbeds the bands and rods therein. A preferably forumiuous metal wrapper reinforcement 22 is then Asecured around .such coat, rods and bands and upon the foruminous or skeleton reinforcement 2;). a wire reinforcement' ii is spiralliV wound in the same inaniu'r that the cord or wire 1 4 was applied. The tinish coat 2l. of plastic material is then applied in the manner explained to complete the column.

When it is; desired to produce a column of t'lie .strongest type. the construction shown i l l in Figs. 5 ard l', is duplicated except that. the liningl' .uid tirst coat 2l ot' plastic inatcrial is omitted. as Shown by Fig. T, it being obvious that when the outside coat is applied that it uill project through the interg .stu-es ot' thil foraininous reintorceinent substautiallyv as indicated at .45 in the last-V This double winding of the cord or wircf impart-s greater' strength and rigidity to the columns. T lie operator after thus reinforcing the column, applies a second or outer coat 15 of plastic material, as also indicated in Fig. 2, and if desired can cinbellisli the column by buildingr upon its base top and intermediate. moldings, 16. if desired. 'l`he core and lod, with the column thus built, is

then removedt'roin the lathe to permit the latter to be used in building a set-,ond column, and after the plastic materialA of the first; column is set, it is replaced in the lathe.

The plate 8 which was first adjusted away t from the end of the core, is then turni-d to again move 1t away from the core, and the named ligure. After this coluinn is set and removed from the core in a manner .similar to that h'ercinlwfore described and the column is erected. it is filled with concrete or analogous material :is shown at 26, this inaterial adhering or bonding firmly to the coat l so as' to produce a solid reinforced concrete r-r plastic column which is of .strength and practically indestructible. lt will -he umlcr-tood. ol' course that the hollow iolunin provided with :i lining may he filled with court-te. if desired, but it .so the filling will not hond properly with the column itself lie- I ca isc of tluinterposition of the lining.

From thtl above descriiitioif. it will be apparent that l have produced a quick and economical method and ,moans for producothcr plate 8 is turned in the proper diroci of the reinforced or non-reinforced type.

tion to again force the bars of the core owurd the withdrawn plate, itbeing notice-d in this connection by reference to Fig. that the brise ot' the column tern'iinates ing plastic t :iitilirial stone columns, either Having thus described the invention what. l claim as new and desire to .sci-nrc by Letici-.sy l'atent is mulmthc: whmm.

The method of makmg plnshc cdu-mns, consxsmg m covering a revolube core with "zz wrapper: than appyng a' plastic. laverl upon said core while. the #anw is ruvovng, ihn winding :l slraxnd of foxmc nm'n upon said pzlfiic layer frumsonc and nl' the core te the ,thvz and Then mick again su i'mt die im) windings shul .occupy imerecting plum-s, Uien applying additional plaiic maicx'zd' to :md building it up, around and upon the first layer of AplJLsilf.: n'zuerinl and the rcnforcmnen. thez'cuu, and than remoing du: core from the interior mi inc wrapper. l

In tesmony whereof ax my :si; {x.nture,V in the presence of two wncfwcs. u

Y ALBERT G. IHGGINS.

.Yiinessns:

` L. BfVHr-zmxn'r,

G. Y. Tnu'. 

